Any grain and oil seed and its processed products contain water, which is the medium for various biochemical reactions that occur inside the grain.

Moisture not only determines the intensity of food life activities, but also determines the direction of food life activities during storage.

Grain moisture can change the physical properties of the grain, and the change in grain moisture changes the moisture absorption, scattering, thermal conductivity, and breathability of the grain.

2. Controlling grain moisture is the key to safe grain storage

Grain moisture is the medium for the biochemical reaction inside the grains. During the storage period, as long as the grain temperature is not high, the enzyme activity is inhibited, the grains breathe weakly, and the physiological metabolism is slow.

In the process of grain storage, as long as the moisture content of the grain is controlled within the safe moisture standard, the grain can be safely stored.

3. Why can't we dry food on the asphalt road?

For convenience, farmers near the highway often dry their food on asphalt roads. In fact, this practice has many disadvantages:

The first is that the grain is in direct contact with the asphalt and is easily contaminated by 3,4 benzopyrene in the asphalt. The content of 3,4 benzopyrene in grains exposed on asphalt roads is 20 times higher than that in ordinary grains. Humans and animals eat this kind of grains and are likely to cause cancer;

The second is that the asphalt pavement absorbs heat quickly, the temperature rises quickly, and the temperature in summer is high. The temperature of the pavement often reaches 60 ~ 70 ° C. When the grain is exposed to such high temperatures, the germ is easily burned and affects the germination rate.

Third, drying food on asphalt roads will have a great impact on traffic safety, so do not dry food and crush crops on asphalt roads.

4.Effects of grain fever and mildew on grain quality

In addition to the significant losses in quantity caused by grain fever, mildew also has a great impact on grain quality, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects:

1. Decreased nutritional quality. Due to the function of mold secretion, the starch, fat, protein and other nutritional components in the grain are hydrolyzed into low molecular substances, which are absorbed and utilized by the mold, which greatly reduces the nutritional quality of the grain.

2. Poor taste. Normal food has its own inherent color and fragrance. After fever and mildew, it usually loses its original color and fragrance, and has off-color odors, some with moldy odor, and some with sour or rancid odor. , Generally loose and gluten-free, taste worse.

3. Cause food poisoning. Grain fever and mildew, a variety of molds multiply, and some molds produce toxins, causing food poisoning, such as aflatoxin.

4. Can't make seeds. Grain mildew usually starts from the embryo. Therefore, embryos with fever and mildew will suffer the most, and the germination rate will be reduced or they will not be able to germinate at all.

5.How to prevent and deal with food mildew

Grain has been moldy. According to the moldy condition of the grain, the severe and slight, mildew and non-mildew should be separated. Mixing with each other is strictly prohibited. For mildew, it can be exposed to wind and sun in time, and the use of sunlight can kill microorganisms. To prevent food mildew, the following measures can be taken:

1. Reduce moisture: Before the grain is stored in the warehouse, it should be fully dried to control the moisture of the grain within the safe moisture and prevent the grain from absorbing moisture during the storage process.

2. Reduction of impurities: Impurities must be removed before grain storage, and the storage environment must be clean and hygienic.

3. Control temperature: Temperature is a necessary condition for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Keeping the grain temperature low can prevent or delay grain mold.

4. Grain condition inspection: It is necessary to take a look at the stored grain to grasp changes in the grain condition, reasonably ventilate, and keep the grain warehouse at a low temperature and low humidity.

6.How to prevent food insects

(1) Clean the warehouse. Regular, comprehensive and thorough cleaning and sanitation work not only has the function of controlling pests, but also has a positive significance in suppressing the development of microorganisms and improving food hygiene standards.

(2) Isolate well. Insect-free food and insect-free food, insect-proof equipment and insect-free equipment should be stored or stored strictly to avoid cross-infection.

(3) Improve grain storage conditions. Improving grain storage conditions is an important measure to ensure the safety of grain storage. Ensure that the warehouse is not leaking or damp, and can be both ventilated and closed. Keep long-term holes and crevices in granaries so that no pests can hide. (Source: China Food Network)